Topic: Chronic disease management
Discuss an acute case scenario that you observed in the clinical setting recently for the adult population ranging 35–65-year old.
Discuss how this case can develop into chronic disease management?
What was the evidence that supported the intended outcomes for this patient scenario?
Expert Solution Preview
Introduction:
In this assignment, we will discuss a case scenario related to chronic disease management in adult patients between the ages of 35 to 65 years. We will explore how this acute case scenario can develop into chronic disease management and the evidence that supports the intended outcomes for this patient scenario.
Answer:
Case Scenario: A 50-year-old male patient came to the clinic with complaints of chest pain, shortness of breath, and fatigue. On examination, the patient’s blood pressure and heart rate were elevated, and there were signs of fluid overload. Further investigations revealed that the patient had a history of hypertension, dyslipidemia, and type 2 diabetes. The patient was diagnosed with an acute exacerbation of congestive heart failure (CHF) and was hospitalized.
Chronic Disease Management: Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a chronic condition that requires long-term management. The patient in this case scenario will need to undergo a comprehensive evaluation and follow-up with a multidisciplinary care team comprising of a cardiologist, endocrinologist, and a nephrologist. The patient will require ongoing medications such as diuretics, beta-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, and aldosterone antagonists to control the symptoms and prevent the progression of CHF. The patient will also need to initiate lifestyle modifications such as weight loss, smoking cessation, and regular physical activity to improve their health outcomes.
Evidence-Based Outcomes: The intended outcomes of chronic disease management in this case scenario aim to improve the quality of life, reduce hospitalizations, and decrease mortality rates in patients with CHF. A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials showed that the use of beta-blockers in CHF patients reduced the risk of death by 34% and the risk of hospitalization by 31%. Similarly, the use of aldosterone antagonists in CHF patients led to a 35% reduction in the risk of death and a 30% reduction in the risk of hospitalization. Lifestyle modification in CHF patients has also been shown to improve survival rates and reduce hospital admissions.
Conclusion: Chronic disease management is essential in ensuring good health outcomes for patients with chronic conditions such as CHF. It involves ongoing evaluation and monitoring by a care team, regular medication adherence, and lifestyle modifications. Evidence-based outcomes support the benefits of chronic disease management, such as reducing hospital admissions and improving quality of life for patients.
