Assignment: Evaluation of Two Historical Surveys
Research the Internet, the online library, or at your local library for two historical surveys. (Reference the websites provided in Module 02 for additional resources.) Conduct an evaluation of the survey against the elements of validity and reliability. Provide a 1-2 paragraph analysis of each survey, rating it against the factors of content, face and criterion-related validity, and major elements of reliability.
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Introduction:
In this assignment, we will evaluate two historical surveys and analyze their validity and reliability. The surveys will be assessed based on their content, face and criterion-related validity, and major elements of reliability. This evaluation will provide insights into the quality and credibility of the surveys, which are essential aspects in the field of medical research.
Survey 1:
The first historical survey chosen for evaluation is the “Health and Nutrition Survey” conducted by the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) in the United States. This survey aims to assess the health and nutritional status of the American population through interviews, physical examinations, and laboratory tests.
Content validity: The survey demonstrates strong content validity as it covers a wide range of health and nutrition-related topics, including chronic diseases, dietary patterns, physical activity, and anthropometric measurements. The inclusion of diverse questions and examination methods ensures comprehensive coverage.
Face validity: The survey also exhibits good face validity as the questions and measurements appear relevant and meaningful to the target population. The use of standardized protocols and scientifically validated instruments enhances the perceived relevance and adequacy of the survey.
Criterion-related validity: To establish criterion-related validity, the survey compares its findings with other nationally representative health surveys and utilizes well-established health indicators such as body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, and blood glucose levels. This comparison allows for external validation and reinforces its criterion-related validity.
Reliability: The survey demonstrates high reliability through its standardized protocols, rigorous training of staff, and the use of validated measurement tools. Regular quality control checks and inter-rater reliability assessments further enhance the overall reliability of the survey.
Survey 2:
The second historical survey chosen for evaluation is the “World Health Survey” conducted by the World Health Organization (WHO). This global survey aims to gather data on various health-related domains including healthcare access, utilization, and health system responsiveness.
Content validity: The survey exhibits strong content validity as it covers a broad range of health-related dimensions and captures the multifaceted nature of healthcare systems. The inclusion of questions related to healthcare access, utilization patterns, and subjective experiences enhances the comprehensiveness of the survey.
Face validity: The survey demonstrates good face validity as the questions and measurement items appear relevant and meaningful to the target population. The use of culturally adapted questionnaires and translation protocols ensures that the survey is appropriate across diverse populations and addresses their specific needs and concerns.
Criterion-related validity: The survey establishes criterion-related validity by comparing its findings with existing health indicators, national health statistics, and established measures of healthcare quality. This validation process strengthens the credibility and utility of the survey findings.
Reliability: The survey demonstrates good reliability through the use of standardized protocols, systematic training of data collectors, and regular quality assurance checks. The implementation of rigorous data management processes and data verification procedures enhances the overall reliability of the survey.
Conclusion:
Both surveys, the “Health and Nutrition Survey” by NHANES and the “World Health Survey” by WHO, exhibit strong validity and reliability. These surveys have adopted rigorous methodologies, comprehensive content, and appropriate validation strategies, ensuring the credibility and usefulness of their findings. The evaluation of these historical surveys highlights their significance in contributing to medical research by providing reliable and valid data for healthcare decision-making and policy formulation.
